Praise be to Allaah.
It is not prescribed to celebrate the birthday of anyone,
whether Prophets or anyone else, because that is not narrated in sharee’ah.
Rather it is something that has been taken from non-Muslims, such as the
Jews, Christians and others.
See the answer to question number
10070 and
13810.
What is meant by celebrating birthdays here is celebrating on
the day on which a person was born, such as celebrating the 12th of Rabee’
al-Awwal which some people believe is the day on which the Prophet
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) was born.
With regard to speaking about the Prophet (blessings and
peace of Allah be upon him) and teaching about him, mentioning his good
qualities, virtues and Sunnahs, this is mustahabb and is prescribed at all
times, and this is not called a Mawlid, just as celebrating a wedding is not
called a Mawlid, but it is common in some Muslim countries to call every
celebration that is done in an Islamically acceptable manner, with no
dancing, music or mixing, a Mawlid, and they say: we will do a Mawlid on the
wedding day or on the circumcision day, and a preacher comes to exhort the
people, and a reader comes to read Qur'aan, and so on. There is no basis for
giving it this name, and calling it by this name does not change the ruling
concerning it. There is nothing wrong with people celebrating the wedding
and having someone to address the people and exhort them and remind them of
good, or speak about the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him)
and mention his biography and good characteristics. This is prescribed in
Islam, and does not come under the heading of celebrating the innovated
Mawlid.
There is nothing wrong with holding activities or meetings in
the mosque to teach people about the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah
be upon him), without singling out a particular day because of some belief
in its virtue, such as the day of the Mawlid or the 15th of Sha’baan (al-nusf
min Sha’baan) or the day of the Isra’ and Mi’raaj. Rather that should be
done on any ordinary day. There is also nothing wrong with offering food to
the people who attend, but it is important to publicise the ruling that this
should not be called a Mawlid, and it does not come under the ruling on
celebrating the Mawlid, so that no one will think that celebrating the
Mawlid is prescribed in Islam.
We ask Allah to help you to act in accordance with the Sunnah
of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) and to propagate it among people.
And Allah knows best.